Book Bhagavata
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  • Welcome to Book Bhagavata Online!
  • Credits
  • Contents
  • The Inspiration
  • Acknowledgements
  • Family Tree
  • Introduction
    • Life's Constant Companion
    • Srimad-Bhagavatam Travels West
    • The Greatest Gift
    • Hidden Gems
    • Book Bhagavata
  • CANTO 01
    • S.L.A.P
      • S - Srimad-Bhagavatam (1-6)
        • Glorious Bhagavatam
        • Essential Truths of Bhagavatam (Six Questions)
        • The Goal of Bhagavatam (Sri Krishna)
        • History of Bhagavatam (Four Questions)
        • Compilation of Bhagavatam
        • Ripened fruit
          • The Narrations of Srimad-Bhagavatam
      • L - Love (7-11)
        • The Love of Arjuna
        • The Love of Uttara
        • The Love of Kunti
        • The Love of Bhismadeva
        • The Love of Hastinapura’s Residents (Separation)
        • The Love of Dwaraka’s Residents (Union)
        • Pure Love
          • Rasa Theology
          • Our Relationship with Krishna
      • A - Attaining the Absolute (12-15)
        • Pariksit’s Birth (and Eventual Departure)
        • Dhritarastra Departs
        • Krishna Departs
        • Kunti, Pandavas, Vidura, Draupadi and Subhadra Depart
        • The Final Lesson
          • An Inconvenient Truth?
          • Back to Godhead
      • P - Pariksit Punished (16-19)
        • Pariksit’s Rule
        • Pariksit and Kali
        • Pariksit Cursed
        • Pariksit Retires and Sukadeva Enters
        • Navigating Life
  • Canto 02
    • C.U.T
      • C - Connect (1-3)
        • Disconnect to Connect
        • Connection Processes
        • Bhakti: The Ultimate Connection
        • Live Connection
          • The Nature of God
          • Investing in a Relationship
      • U - Universal Creation (4-7)
        • Process of Universal Creation
        • Purusa Sukta and the Universal Form
        • Universal Incarnations
        • The Beginning
          • Why is the Universe Created?
          • When is the Universe Created?
          • Importance of Creation
      • T - Total Theology (8-10)
        • Theological Enquiries
        • Total Theology in Four Verses
        • Total Theology in Ten Subjects
        • Prelude to Canto 3 (Vidura)
        • Ten Truths
          • Four Verses
          • Ten Topics
  • Canto 03
    • S.A.V.E.S
      • S - Stories of the Supreme (1-4)
        • Vidura’s Pilgrimage
        • Stories in Vrindavana
        • Stories Outside of Vrindavana
        • Story of Krishna’s Disappearance
        • Story Time
          • Why are stories so powerful?
          • The Good Listener
      • A - Assembly and Activation (5-12)
        • Assembly and Activation
        • Clarification
        • Brahma's Empowerment
        • Brahma's Creation
        • Vedic Time
        • Activation of Progeny
        • Creative Ideas
          • Big Bang, Big Doubt
          • Live Options
      • V - Varahadeva (13-19)
        • Appearance of Varahadeva
        • Flashback - Birth of the Demons
        • Further Flashback - Past Lives of the Demons
        • Varahadeva Kills Hiranyaksa
        • Avatara
          • One but Different
          • Divine Play
      • E - Expanding Entities (20-24)
        • Different Entities Created
        • Devahuti and Kardama Muni
        • Devahuti Gives Birth and Kardama Departs
        • The Life Cycle
          • Orders of Life
          • Occupations in Life
          • Varieties of Varnasrama
      • S - Sankya-yoga (25-33)
        • Defining Sankhya-yoga
        • Material Nature
        • Astanga-yoga
        • Bhakti-yoga
        • Worldly Entanglement (Samsara)
        • Devahuti’s Prayers and Kapila’s Renunciation
        • Detached Attachment
          • Monkey Business
          • Detach to Attach
  • CANTO 04
    • S.K.I.P
      • S – Siva and Sati (1-7)
        • Genealogy of Manu’s Daughters
        • Siva Cursed
        • Sati’s Desire, Decision, Downfall and Death
        • Siva Creates Virabhadra
        • Siva Pacified and Daksa Reinstated
        • Bankruptcy
          • Get Rich Quick
          • Mediate Before You Meditate
      • K - Kingly Desires (8-12)
        • Dhruva’s Kingly Desire
        • Dhruva’s Reward
        • Dhruva’s Fight
        • Dhruva’s Perfection
        • Determination
          • Take a Risk
          • External Support and Internal Mindset
      • I - Ideal Leadership (13-23)
        • Anga’s Detachment
        • Vena Killed
        • Prthu’s Appearance
        • Prthu and Mother Earth
        • Prthu’s Horse Sacrifices
        • Ideal Leadership
        • Prthu’s Perfection
        • Leadership
          • Selfless
          • Spiritual
          • Strong
      • P – Pracinabarhisat, Pracetas and Puranjana (24-31)
        • Pracetas Hear Rudra-Gita
        • Puranjana Story
        • Pracinabarhisat Attains Perfection
        • Pracetas Rule
        • Priyavrata – Elder Son of Manu
        • Root of Devotion
          • The Beginning
          • Why is this Important?
          • Proofreaders of Devotion
  • CANTO 05
    • R.E.A.P
      • R - Rishabhadeva (1-6)
        • Priyavrata’s Marriage
        • Agnidhra’s Family Life
        • Rishabhadeva’s Appearance
        • Rishabhadeva’s Qualities
        • Rishabhadeva’s Teachings and Departure
        • Essential Instructions
          • Knowledge and Devotion
      • E - Emperor to Deer (7-15)
        • 1st Life – Emperor Bharata
        • 2nd Life - Emperor to Deer
        • 3rd Life - Deer to Jada Bharata
        • Jada Bharata instructs Rahugana
        • Bharata’s Descendants
        • Attention!
          • Bloop
          • Casual Causes Casualty
          • Deepening our Devotion
      • A - Astronomical Avataras (16-19)
        • Jambudvipa
        • Descent of the Ganges
        • Astronomical Avataras
        • Worldview
          • Path of Karma – AT the World
          • Path of Jnana – AWAY from the World
          • Path of Bhakti – BEYOND the World
      • P - Planetary Systems (20-26)
        • Six Islands
        • Movements of the Sun
        • Orbits of the Planets and Sisumara
        • Subterranean Heavens
        • Lord Anantadeva
        • Hellish Planets
        • Universal Map
          • Higher Planets
          • Middle Planets
          • Lower Planets (Subterranean Heavens)
          • Lower Planets (Hells)
  • CANTO 06
    • E.P.I.C
      • E - Escaping Hell (1-3)
        • Ultimate Atonement
        • Ajamila’s History
        • Ajamila’s Second Chance
        • Yamaraja’s Explanation
          • The Holy Name
          • The Nature of the Holy Name
          • The Chanting of the Holy Name
          • The Experience of the Holy Name
          • The Potential of the Holy Name
      • P - Prajapati Daksa (4-6)
        • Prajapati Daksa’s Birth and Prayers
        • Daksa Frustrated and Narada Cursed
        • Prajapati Daksa’s Daughters
        • Real Renunciates
          • Create Doubt
          • Create Faith
          • Giving Narayana
      • I - Indra and Vritrasura (7-13)
        • Indra, Brhaspati and Narayana Kavaca
        • Indra Kills Visvarupa
        • Indra’s Enemy, Vritrasura
        • Dadhici’s Sacrifice
        • The Great Fight
        • Indra Kills Vritrasura
        • Upside Down
          • Identifying Pure Devotion
          • Testing Pure Devotion
      • C - Chitraketu (14-19)
        • Chitraketu’s Lamentation
        • Chitraketu Enlightened
        • Chitraketu Cursed
        • Diti, Indra and the Maruts
        • River of Names
          • Attention vs Attachment
          • Transcendental Affection
  • CANTO 07
    • O.P.E.N
      • O - Oppressive Ogre (1-4)
        • Impartiality of God
        • Jaya and Vijaya
        • Hiranyakasipu - Aggrieved but Philosophical
        • Overcoming Death
        • Oppressive Ogre
        • Divine and Demoniac
          • Demoniac Philosophy
          • Demoniac Mentality
          • Demoniac Activity
          • Demoniac Destiny
          • Conquering the Demon Within
      • P - Prahlada Maharaja (5-7)
        • Prahlada's Education
        • Prahlada Tortured
        • Prahlada's Preaching
        • Prahlada's Upbringing
        • Nine Process
          • Examples of Perfection
          • Two Divisions
          • The Most Important
          • Eighty-one Varieties of Devotional Service
      • E - Enraged Entrance (8-10)
        • Enraged Entrance
        • Enraged Lord is Pacified
        • Prahlada Benedicted and Coronated
        • Siva as Tripurari
        • See Krishna
          • Utilising Time
      • N - Narada's Instructions (11-15)
        • Civilised Humans
        • Brahmacarya / Vanaprastha
        • Sannyasa
        • Grhasta
        • Levels of Brahmanas
        • Narada's History
        • Finding Dharma
          • Self Discovery
  • CANTO 08
    • G.O.L.D
      • G - Gajendra (1-4)
        • Different Manus
        • Gajendra's Crisis
        • Gajendra's Prayers
        • Gajendra's Past Life
        • Power of Prayer
          • What to Pray for?
          • The Key Ingredient
          • Types of Prayers
          • Keep Calm: Krishna will come
      • O - Ocean of Milk (5-12)
        • Prayers at the Milk Ocean
        • Churning the Milk Ocean
        • The Nectar and Mohini-Murti
        • Demigods and Demons Fight
        • Siva and Mohini-Murti
        • Land of the Gods
          • God (Bhagavan)
          • Incarnations (Avatara)
          • Demigods (Devata)
          • Why do People Worship Demigods?
          • Why is Demigod Worship Unintelligent?
          • Vedic, Vaisnava and Gaudiya
      • L - Leaders of Society (13-15)
        • Manus 7-14
        • Leadership Duties
        • Laws of Mankind
          • Manu Samhita
          • Time, Place and Circumstance
          • Guru, Sadhu and Sastra
          • Extremes
      • D - Dwarf Incarnation (15-24)
        • Bali's Fightback
        • Aditi and the Dwarf Incarnation
        • Donation for the Dwarf
        • The Third Step
        • Prahlada's Reassurance and Demigods Reinstated
        • Matsya Avatara
        • Surrender
          • Types of Surrender
          • Surrender - Natural but Gradual
          • Sustainable Surrender
  • Canto 09
    • D.R.A.G
      • D – Durvasa and Ambarish (1-5)
        • Dynasty of Vaivasvata Manu
        • Durvasa Offends Ambarish
        • Durvasa Forgiven
        • Power and Purity
          • Advisors
          • Knowledge
          • Absorption
          • Character
          • Responsibility
          • Succession
      • R – Ramacandra (6-13)
        • Saubhari Muni
        • Other Descendants
        • Ramacandra’s Pastimes
        • Ramacandra’s Reign
        • Dynasties of Iksvaku
        • Purusottama
          • Being Exemplary
          • Banishing Sita
      • A – Axe-Wielding Avatara (14-16)
        • Pururava and Urvasi
        • Avatara Annihilates Administrators
        • Heavy Handed
          • Play Fight
          • Avoiding Confrontation
          • The Non-Violent Incarnation
      • G – God’s Gotra (17-24)
        • Yayati and Devayani
        • Bharata and Rantideva
        • Bhismadeva and Pandavas
        • Yayati’s Dynasty
        • God from Goloka: Sri Krishna
        • Genealogy
          • Soma and Surya
          • Two Disciplic Successions
          • Our Disciplic Line
  • Canto 10 (Part 1)
    • B.A.B.Y
      • B – Birth (1-5)
        • Preparation
        • The Omen
        • Balarama Transferred and Garbha-Stuti
        • Baby Krishna’s Appearance
        • Kamsa’s Frustration
        • Nanda and Vasudeva Meet
        • Krishna’s Birth
          • An Interesting Detail
          • Krishna Appearing in Our Life
      • A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14)
        • Attacking Asuras
        • Astonishing Activities
        • Attacking More Asuras
        • Brahma’s Illusion
        • Demons and Anarthas
          • The Process of Anartha-Nivrtti
      • B – Boyhood (15-28)
        • Defeating More Demons
        • Krishna and the Ladies of Vrindavana
        • Lifting Govardhana Hill
        • Nanda Rescued
        • The Real World
          • Manifestations of Vrindavana
          • Krishna as the Centre
          • Stages of Krishna’s Life
          • History of Vrindavana
      • Y – Youthood (29-40)
        • Rasa Pancadhyaya
        • More Demons Killed
        • Akrura’s Mission
        • A God that Dances
          • God vs Krishna
  • Canto 10 (Part 2)
    • M.A.D
      • M – Mathura-Lila (41-51)
        • Kamsa Killed
        • Gurukula
        • Uddhava in Vrindavana / Akrura in Hastinapura
        • Dwaraka Established
        • Cry for Krishna
          • Separation for a Sadhaka
          • The Mood of Sri Chaitanya
      • A – Astonishing Rule (52-70)
        • Rana-Chor Lila
        • Rukmini and Krishna
        • History of Pradyumna
        • The Syamantaka Jewel
        • Marrying Princesses
        • Rukmini Teased and Rukmi Killed
        • Banasura Defeated
        • Nriga Delivered
        • Balarama in Vrindavana
        • Killing More Demons
        • Samba’s Marriage
        • Dwaraka Palaces
        • Dhama Comparison
          • The Lost City
          • Spiritual Hubs
          • Habits of Successful Pilgrims
          • The Dwaraka Queens hear Srimad-Bhagavatam
      • D – Demons, Devotees and Divinity (71-90)
        • Rajasuya, Jarasandha and Sisupala
        • Salva, Dantavakra and Viduranath Slayed
        • Balarama kills Romaharsana and Balvala
        • Sudama Vipra
        • Kuruksetra Meeting
        • Krishna Blesses His Devotees
        • Krishna’s Supremacy
        • Atheism
          • The Mood of the Spiritual World
  • CANTO 11
    • S.U.M
      • S - Sage’s Teachings (1-6)
        • Yadu’s Cursed
        • Sages’ Teachings
        • Yadus Travel to Prabhasa
          • Pure Bhakti
          • Defining Suddha-Bhakti
          • Essential Qualities (svarupa-laksana)
          • Marginal Qualities (tatastha-laksana)
          • Happiness of Service
      • U - Uddhava-gita (7-29)
        • Twenty-Four Gurus
        • Entanglement, Liberation and Pure Love
        • Topmost Yoga System
        • Varnasrama
        • Knowledge to Bhakti
        • Understanding Material Nature
        • Avanti Brahmana and Bhiksu-Gita
        • Pururava – Aila-Gita
        • Deity Worship and Bhakti-Yoga
          • Uddhava-Gita
          • Before and After the Uddhava-Gita
          • Essential Similarities
      • M - Mausala-lila (30-31)
        • Disappearance of Yadus
        • Disappearance of Krishna
          • Divine Play
          • Why did Krishna end His pastimes?
          • Why didn’t Krishna remain with His devotees on earth?
          • Why did Krishna depart in a seemingly mundane way?
          • Why did Krishna leave a body behind?
          • Multidimensional Pastimes
          • Entering the Pastimes
  • CANTO 12
    • N.A.M.E
      • N - Nasty Age (1-3)
        • Nasty Kings
        • Nasty Yuga
        • Evolution of Theism
          • Bringing Back the Essence
      • A - Annihilation (4-7)
        • Types of Annihilation
        • Annihilation of Pariksit’s Body
        • Vedic Literature
        • Ego Death
          • Destructive Enlightenment
          • Impact of Knowledge
      • M - Markendeya Rishi (8-10)
        • Markandeya’s Austerity
        • Markandeya’s Vision of Maya
        • Conspiracy 108
          • How Maya Enters
          • Tricks of Maya
      • E - Ending The Epic (11-13)
        • Ending Glorification
        • Read and Relish
          • Daily Bath
          • Read or Relish?
  • Appendix
    • Bibliography
    • The Author
    • Wisdom That Breathes
    • Read the Srimad-Bhagavatam Online
    • Support this work
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  1. Canto 10 (Part 1)
  2. B.A.B.Y
  3. B – Boyhood (15-28)
  4. The Real World

History of Vrindavana

PreviousStages of Krishna’s LifeNextY – Youthood (29-40)

Last updated 4 months ago

Krishna Period

Prior to Krishna’s appearance in the world, Vraja (the greater area of Vrindavana) was revered as a place of pilgrimage. In , for example, we hear the story of Dhruva Maharaja entering the Madhuvana forest to perform austerities, as did the saintly Maharaja Ambarish. Assisted by the power of the dhama, even Ravana, who performed austerities in Mahavana, conquered the three worlds. As Krishna prepared to appear in the mortal world, many of His associates descended to the land of Vrindavana to assist Him in His pastimes, along with the demigods who took birth in the Yadu dynasty. With Krishna’s appearance the dhama glistened with divine splendour and the trees, animals and scenery of Vrindavana all blossomed in spiritual ecstasy.

From Vrindavana, Krishna went to Mathura and killed the evil King Kamsa. He remained in Mathura for a further eighteen years, after which He transported all His associates to the fort of Dwaraka. The city of Mathura was repopulated, and remained under the able rule of Maharaja Ugrasena.

Vajranabha Period

One day, observing a series of inauspicious omens in Hastinapura, Maharaja Yuddhistira sensed that something terrible had happened. Just then, Arjuna returned to the palace from his pilgrimage looking utterly dejected. Arjuna then delivered the devastating news that Krishna had departed from the world and the Yadu dynasty had been practically obliterated. Feeling a deep sense of spiritual lamentation, the Pandavas installed Maharaja Pariksit on the throne of Hastinapura, Vajranabha (the great-grandson of Krishna) on the throne of Mathura, and proceeded to renounce the world.

Kali-yuga had now begun, and Maharaja Pariksit was touring the kingdom. When he came to Mathura, Vajranabha lamented that the dhama was now empty. When Krishna left, all His associates also left, and the tracts of Vrindavana became practically deserted. Urged by Sandilya Rishi, Vajranabha, with the help of Maharaja Pariksit, began to rebuild Vrindavana by colonising the villages, restoring the holy places, establishing temples and deities, and making it a vibrant epicentre of Krishna-bhakti which would inspire generations to come. Under the rule of Vajranabha, Mathura again flourished as an idyllic place of pilgrimage. Since Krishna’s pastimes are known as nitya-lila, they are not only going on eternally in the spiritual abode, but also perpetually enacted within the borders of Bhauma Vrindavana. Although the external appearance of the dhama may change, its transcendental and divine nature remains untouched.

Gaudiya Period

With the passage of time, the external situation in Vrindavana again began to decline. The effects of Kali-yuga took their toll and local deities were desecrated or driven out, holy sites were neglected, and landmarks disappeared into obscurity. A major contributing factor was the attacks of foreign invaders on the holy land. In Chaitanya-Charitamrita, for example, the author narrates how the Gopala deity appeared to Madhavendra Puri and requested his help: “My name is Gopala. I am the lifter of Govardhana Hill. I was installed by Vajranabha, and here I am the authority. When the Muslims attacked, the priest who was serving Me hid Me in this bush in the jungle. Then he ran away out of fear of the attack.” (-). Kavi Karnapura explains, “In the course of time, the transcendental news of Krishna’s pastimes in Vrindavana was almost lost.”

After accepting sannyasa, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu toured Vrindavana and spent several months there. Travelling via Prayag, Sri Chaitanya approached the sacred land of Mathura with increasing anticipation, having failed multiple times in His previous attempts to visit. Upon arrival, He fell to the ground and offered obeisances in ecstatic love. In this incarnation it would be His first and last visit to the holy dhama; the appreciation He felt was indescribable. He continued walking, feeling increasing anticipation and excitement as he appraoched the sacred forest of Vrindavana. When He eventually arrived, Sri Chaitanya became immersed in an ocean of transcendental feeling as He recounted the divine pastimes that Sri Krishna had enacted 5,000 years ago. He had finally arrived home!

Though Sri Chaitanya rediscovered holy sites and landmarks, He knew there was much more work to do. He enlisted the help of Lokanatha Goswami, Bhugarbha Goswami and the Six Goswamis of Vrindavana, requesting them to excavate the pilgrimage landmarks and build vibrant temples in a bid to re-establish the pre-eminence of Vrindavana. They lived as ideal renunciates, sleeping under a different tree every night and adhering strictly to their vows of renunciation. Absorbed in hearing, singing and writing about Krishna, they renounced all forms of material enjoyment and reduced bodily demands to the bare minimum. All the residents of Vrindavana were conquered by their profound devotion, humility and concern for all. Through their diligent endeavours, supported by wealthy kings and merchants, Vrindavana again flourished.

Narayana Bhatta Goswami was a disciple of Sri Krishna Dasa Brahmacari, coming in the line of Gadadhara Pandit Goswami. He further continued the work of uncovering holy places and establishing lost Deities. Through his well-known book Vrindavana-bhakti-vilasa, he offered the Vaisnava community a complete guide to Vrindavana dhama.

ISKCON Period

The Gaudiya practitioners are known as Rupanugas, faithful followers of Rupa Goswami, and they assiduously offer their prayers to the great saint: “When will Srila Rupa Goswami Prabhupada, who has established within this material world the mission to fulfill the desire of Lord Chaitanya, give me shelter under his lotus feet?” As an ideal Rupanuga, Srila Prabhupada, Founder-Acarya of ISKCON, spent six years reading, writing, praying and living at the Radha Damodara temple, where the meditation hut (bhajan kutir) and tomb (samadhi) of Rupa Goswami were established by his nephew, Jiva Goswami.

On the order of his spiritual master, Srila Prabhupada was preparing himself to transport the teachings of Sri Chaitanya to the western world. In 1965, he left the spiritual hub of Sri Vrindavana dhama, and travelled on a cargo ship bound for New York. After a life-threatening journey, his initial months in America were ones of great struggle, austerity and cultural re-adjustment. He was studying the local people and praying for a way and means to implant the message of Krishna consciousness within them. He soon met with success, founded the first temple, initiated some disciples, established a legal movement, published literature, and began scaling those activities all over the world. Soon enough, ‘Hare Krishna’ became a household name in the West, and Prabhupada began planning how to invite the whole world back to Vrindavana.

In December 1971, Srila Prabhupada came back to Vrindavana with a world sankirtana party of exuberant western disciples. The residents of Vrindavana were astonished, appreciating that Srila Prabhupada was indeed the ambassador of Vrindavana to the whole world. The Vrindavana municipality honoured Prabhupada and his disciples with a formal reception at the town hall, and eminent personalities from the locality eulogised ISKCON’s founder for his mammoth efforts. Later, Srila Prabhupada established the ISKCON Krishna- Balarama temple and Vrindavana now remains a source of inspiration and shelter for the worldwide community of devotees.

Canto Four
CC Madhya 4.41
42